Veronica Bindi, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Nikolay Nikonov, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Cristina Consolandi, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Abhinandan Dass, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Claudio Corti, University of Hawaii at Manoa
Keywords: Space Weather, Neutron Monitors, Cosmic Rays, Solar Cycle 25, Space Situational Awareness (SSA), Space Domain Awareness (SDA), Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02), Solar Energetic Particles, Forbush Decreases, Space Weather Forecasting, Haleakalā Neutro
Abstract:
Space weather poses significant risks to both space and ground-based technologies, affecting satellite operations, communication systems, navigation, and even power grids. To enhance space weather awareness and forecasting capabilities, the University of Hawaiʻi has established the Haleakalā Neutron Monitor Station (HLEA), a critical addition to the global neutron monitor network. Positioned at 10,000 feet elevation, HLEA—along with the Thailand-Hawaiʻi Monitor (THIMON)—fills a crucial 162-degree observational gap, enabling improved detection of galactic cosmic rays, Forbush decreases, and solar neutron events.
Complementing these ground-based observations, the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) aboard the International Space Station provides precise measurements of cosmic rays in space, offering valuable data for cross-calibration with neutron monitors on Earth. By integrating real-time data from AMS-02 and HLEA, this initiative strengthens our ability to predict and mitigate space weather effects, safeguarding astronauts, satellites, and critical infrastructure.
This presentation will explore the scientific impact of these monitoring stations, their role in space situational awareness, and the benefits of global collaboration in space weather research. It will highlight how this integrated approach enhances predictive models, mitigation strategies, and preparedness for extreme solar events as Solar Cycle 25 peaks.
Date of Conference: September 16-19, 2025
Track: Atmospherics/Space Weather