Christian Ramos, 18th Space Defense Squadron/Omitron Inc; Diana McKissock, USSF, 18th Space Defense Squadron; Joshua Parris, NASA
Keywords: Space Situational/Domain Awareness (SSA/SDA), Space Sustainability/Space Traffic Management (STM), Conjunction/RPO, Object Characterization, Space Data Modeling, Space-Based Assets
Abstract:
Lessons Learned on Mega-Constellation Deployments and Impact to Space Domain Awareness
Christian Ramos
Omitron, Inc.
Diana Mckissock
18th Space Defense Squadron
Bailey Bourque
Omitron, Inc.
Amos Alexander
18th Space Defense Squadron
Joshua Parris
NASA Johnson Space Center
ABSTRACT
The breakneck expansion of multi-payload launches in low Earth orbit (LEO) has seen significant escalation over the last three years in the Space Domain Awareness (SDA) enterprise. We will discuss the uptick in satellite deployment frequency, gradation of Mega-constellation deployments utilizing electric propulsion, and how the surge in metric observation density from the Space Surveillance Network (SSN) have imposed major system enhancements to ensure spaceflight safety. Beginning with the launch phase, new tactics, software, and procedures have been developed over the last few years to optimize the tasking of the SSN and ensure custody of all recently launched satellites that are added to the space catalog. Ensuring appropriate tasking levels were pivotal during the satellite separation phase, which necessitated updates to the mission systems at the USSF’s 18th Space Defense Squadron (18th SDS) for improved delineation between clustered satellites in a short window of time. The improved incorporation of utilizing owner operator provided ephemeris coupled with critical code improvements have now revolutionized how we maintain custody of earth orbiting objects. The exponential population growth of low-Earth orbiting satellites have also increased the quantity of Conjunction Data Messages sent out to partners such as the Trajectory Operations Group (TOPO) in Johnson Space Center. We will discuss the need for continued collaboration between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and other Mega-Constellation Satellite Operators to safeguard Human Space Flight operations. Lastly, we will also discuss the increase in reentry reporting for satellites falling back to Earth’s atmosphere, and the challenges associated with these events.
DISCLAIMER
The views expressed in this article are solely those of the authors in their personal capacity and may not necessarily represent the view of the U.S. Department of Defense and its components, Omitron Inc., or the Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference.
Date of Conference: September 19-22, 2023
Track: Space Domain Awareness